[A Case of Solitary Liver Metastasis of Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma 31 Years after Resection of Primary Lesion].

A 73-year-old woman was referred to our hospital after a liver tumor was discovered during an abdominal ultrasonography. Thirty-one years ago, she underwent a total hysterectomy for uterine myoma and was diagnosed with a leiomyoma. Twenty years ago, she underwent a bilateral oophorectomy for an ovarian tumor and was diagnosed with a luteinized theca cell tumor accompanied by sclerosing peritonitis. A CT scan and MRI revealed a 65-mm tumor in the S6-7 of the liver. There was no sign of any lesions other than in the liver, and TACE was performed for suspected hepatocellular carcinoma. However, a favorable treatment outcome was unable to be obtained and a posthepatic segmental resection was performed. Histopathological morphology suggested a similarity to endometrial stromal cells and, considering the history of myoma of the uterus and ovarian tumor, immunohistological staining was carried out. The myoma of the uterus and the ovarian and liver tumors were all CD10(+), α⊖SMA(-), MIB-1 index 3%. The uterine myoma, which was initially operated on, was rediagnosed as a low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. After 11 years, ovarian metastasis was observed, and after 31 years liver metastasis occurred. Examples of resection of liver metastasis of endometrial stromal sarcoma are extremely rare and, we will include a review of the literature in this report.

Emphysematous cholecystitis successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery.

Emphysematous cholecystitis (EC) is an uncommon variant of acute cholecystitis, which is caused by secondary infection of the gallbladder wall with gas-forming organisms. The mortality rate of EC is still as high as 25%. Emergency surgical intervention is indicated. Open cholecystectomy has been traditionally accepted as a standard treatment for EC. We present a case of EC successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for EC is considered to be safe and effective when indicated.

Adenocarcinoma arising from an anal gland-Report of a case.

INTRODUCTION: Adenocarcinoma arising from an anal gland is extremely rare. Most anal canal cancers are squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma is infrequently diagnosed. Diagnostic criteria and the standard treatment for adenocarcinoma of the anal canal have not been clearly defined, in part because of the rarity of this lesion. PRESENTATION OF CASE: An 84-year-old man who presented with a piece of tissue prolapsing from the anus. An incisional biopsy showed adenocarcinoma, and an abdomino-perineal resection was then performed. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 19 (CK19) stained positive in the specimen, suggesting that the tumor developed from an anal gland. The patient was discharged after surgery without any complications. DISCUSSION: Exact diagnostic criteria for adenocarcinoma of the anal canal have not been previously described. In the present case, CK7 and CK19 were stained, and the tumor showed positivity for both of these markers, which is compatible with the staining patterns of anal gland origin cancer. Radical resection is recommended rather than local resection, because of the tumor's high recurrence rate. Some authors recommend combined modality treatment with preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy because of the high rate of distant recurrence. CONCLUSION: The preoperative diagnosis of adenocarcinoma arising from an anal gland is not easily established. However, it may be possible to suspect an anal glandular adenocarcinoma based on a meticulous physical examination, appropriate diagnostic studies and pathological findings on biopsy.

Superior mesenteric venous thrombosis after laparoscopic exploration for small bowel obstruction.

Mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare cause of intestinal ischemia which is potentially life-threatening because it can lead to intestinal infarction. Mesenteric venous thrombosis rarely develops after abdominal surgery and is usually associated with coagulation disorders. Associated symptoms are generally subtle or nonspecific, often resulting in delayed diagnosis. A 68-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic exploration for small bowel obstruction, secondary to adhesions. During the procedure, an intestinal perforation was identified and repaired. Postoperatively, the abdominal pain persisted and repeat exploration was undertaken. At repeat exploration, a perforation was identified in the small bowel with a surrounding abscess. After the second operation, the abdominal pain improved but anorexia persisted. Contrast enhanced abdominal computed tomography was performed which revealed superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. Anticoagulation therapy with heparin was started immediately and the thrombus resolved over the next 6 days. Although rare, this complication must be considered in patients after abdominal surgery with unexplained abdominal symptoms.

Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-producing gastric metastasis from large cell type lung cancer.

We report a case of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing gastric metastasis from large cell type lung cancer. A 73-year-old man presented with severe anemia and leukocytosis that appeared 8 months after surgery for early lung cancer. Gastroendoscopy demonstrated a protruding circumscribed tumor with blood clot in the middle part of the stomach. The pathological finding from biopsy specimens revealed gastric metastasis of large cell carcinoma of the lung. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography demonstrated uptake in the bone; however, myeloid metastasis was negative with bone marrow biopsy. Serum level of G-CSF was elevated. We performed partial gastrectomy for hemostasis. After surgery, the hemoglobin, leukocyte count and serum level of G-CSF were within the expected normal limit. Immunohistological examination of G-CSF was positive in the resected specimen. The patient was discharged 22 days after the operation and has been followed up from 3 months after surgery to the present time. G-CSF-producing tumors have been reported to cause remarkable peripheral leukocytosis and neutrophil production in bone marrow. They have been reported in various types of malignancies and are usually associated with a poor prognosis.